Insulating-stud and method of making the same.



PATENTED JUNE 4, 1907.

B. W. MIX.

INSULATING STUD AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

/n Mentor: 50 X W M/X,

Witnesses;

UNITED STATEfi PATENT OFFICE.

EDGAR W. MIX, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

INSULATING-STUD AND METHOD OF MAKING Ti -IE SAME.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDGAR W. MIX, a citizen of the United States, residing at Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Insulating-Studs and Metho s of Making the Same, of which the following is a specification.

There are many places where it is necessary to make use of a stud, supporting a member rigidly and at the same time insulating it, or to connect together members differing electrically in potential. Heretofore this necessity has given rise to elaborately built up devices, constructed to meet the requirements of each particular condition as it was met. It is evident that the most satisfactory way of accomplishing the desired end is to make use of a stud embodying within itself the insulating feature; but heretofore no stud meeting the requirements that it shall be simple in construction, cheap, and rigid so as to be capable of resisting both axial stresses and stresses at right angle to the axis, has been produced.

The object of the present invention is to provide a stud having these qualities and a method of roducing the same.

To the a ove'end, I construct vthestud of two members, one member being provided with a socket and the second memberbeing provided with, or a ortion thereof forming, a shouldered boss or entering the socket. The boss is surrounded or capped by insulating material, as for example, micanitewhich may be wrapped about it in the form of a tube. The insulating material may conveniently be put in place about the boss and the whole thereafter slipped into the socket since, when theparts are first assembled there need beno permanency of connection between them; the rigidity and permanency of the whole being obtained by forcing the assembled stud through a suitable die and causing the metal of the walls of the socket to flow and form an internal rib which interlocks with the shoulder on the other member,

slightly before it is forced through the die,

the insulation or the binding material therein,

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed August 1,1806. Serial No. 328,673.

Patented June 4, 1907.

as the case may be, is softened and the insulation can assume its new form without having its continuity broken. stud is therefore stron and durable and the ends thereof are reliabfy insulated from each other. i

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 shows a stud embodying the present invention and finished so as to be ready for use; Fig. 2 is a cross section showing the two stud members in the rough in the act of being assembled; Fig. 3 shows in cross section a set of dies and an assembled stud which is about to be forced through the dies; and Fig. 4 shows in cross-section a stud which has just been forced through the dies and the parts brought into the condition wherein they combine to make a sin le rigid whole.

Reference being ma e to the drawing, 1 indicates a stud which, although shown as a stud adapted for use in supporting collector rings upon their shafts, may take any desired form which will adapt it for the use in a position wherein a two-part stud is needed or desired. This stud comprises members 2 and 3 insulated from each other by suitable insulatin material 4. In its rough form, the mem er 2 consists of a piece of metal, preferably copper, of any desired form and provided with a socket 5. The member 3 consists of a metal plug or pin, also of any desired form, having one end shaped so as to enter the socket in the member 2, leaving, however, considerable clearance between it and the walls of the socket. The end of the member 3 is ,inclosed in a tube of insulating material 4, which may conveniently be made up of a sheet or sheets of micanite wrapped about the member. The insulating tube projects beyond one end of the stud member, so that a plug of insulating material 6 may be placed within the end of the tube and rest against the end of the stud member. The member 3 with its envelop of insulating material is then placed in socket 5 and the stud is ready to be operated upon so as to connect the parts into one rigid whole. The end of member 3 which enters the socket is provided with a shoulder which may 0011- veniently be produced by forming an annular The resulting groove 7'-'near this-end,- and the member? is provided throughout a portionof the length of the socket with a thickened portion 13 which is situated opposite thegroove 7 This extra metal in the member 2.;provides' the necessary material for producing an internal rib orprojection withinthe socket for interlocking with the shoulder produced byithe groove 7. r

When the parts have been assembled in the manner just described, the stud isplaced within an opening 8 in a die 9. This opening is-so shaped and proportioned that the upper portion -10thereof is lar e enough to receive the'thickened portion 0 the stud memb'er Z," while the lower portion- 11' is only largeencu-glr "-to permit the. remainder I of the stud to pass. through. The upper and lower-per tions efthis opening Vare'con-nected by a coneshiaped portion 12. If now'the entireplug' is foreed th'roug'h-the opening in-the die, the thickened *part of 'memb'er2' has its diameter reduced to that of the remainder of this member; and the-material which is-thuscompressed toward lthe axis of the plug flows so as to formthe annular *rib -1 4 in the interior of the member 2, thisrib being complementaryi-to th'e-groove 7 in the member 3 and the rib ancl groove locking the two members securely to then Thestuds-may beforced through fie die in any su-itable way, as for example; thedie may be placed in apress and thesstu-dbe engaged by the hollowplunger 15:"oiE th'epresss i If fthe stud *is-h'eated sutli ciently to soften the-shellac in the micani-teb'efore it is placed in th s press, the-"sheetsof mica can slip: freely ast each oth'er'as the 'rib l l' is being fe'rmerfi' and therefore no break-will occur irr the insulation: 1 have found that studs made this way ossess great mechanical strength, bothin the axial direction and' ini directions at anangle of the: axis,- and do not loosen in actual service. At the same-time, aareliab le insulation isalways. secured between the two ends ofthestudJ It will be seen that after *thestuid has been forced th rough the die, it may be conven ien'tly 'fim'shed to I any desired form, since eith'er end may be held in achuck whiletheother end is operated upon by a tool; without the: danger o-f loosening the parts or disarrangingthe insulation in any way: Studs adapted to a great variety of uses -may be made without altering 'the process of producing-th'ern; since the actual and relative lengths and 1 proportions of parts may: be varied at will.

What'I'clairn as new and desire tosecure' by LettersP-atent of the United- States is,-

1! The method of making an insulating stud which consists in placing a shouldered portion of one member within a metal socket of the other portion with a ca of insulating material surrounding the shou dered portion, and then causing. the metal 1 of the socket member to flow so as'to force the insulation against the shoulder on the other member.

2. The method of making a two-part metal'insulating stud which consists in lacternal diameter form-ingtheother part with a'sh'ouldered portion, placing the shouldered portion in the-socket with a cap of insulating material between, and then reducing the diameter! ot the part having the enlarged di-arneter in such amanner thatrth'e metal of th at portion is caused to' flow and force the insulation against "the: shoulder. on the other art.

P 4. The method of making a two-part metal insulating-stud which consists in forming one part with asocketand' a portion at one point ins=the wall ofth'e socket with an enlarged diameter; formingthe other-part with a portion-having an annular groove, lacing =the groo ed portion in the socket wit a layer of insulatingmaterial between the grooved portion and i thewalls of the socket, and then causing the metal of the enlarged socket ortionwto' flowso as to reduce its externa diameter and produce an internal rib complementaryto the groove inthe other part;

5'. The method of making a two-p art metal insulating stud which consists in forming one part with a socket and a portion at one point inthe wallof'the socket'with an enlarged diameter; forming the other part with a portion h'aving'arrannular groove, lacing the groovedportion in the socket with a layer of insulating material between the grooved portion and the wallsofthe socket, and then forcing the assembled stud through an 0 ening inia-d-ie so -as to reduce the external diameter' ofthe enlarged-part onthe socket portion and produce an internal rib complementary'to the groove in the otheriparti 61- The method of making a two-part metal stud which consists in forming one part withla portionhaving a-shoulder; forming theother part with asocket; placing a cap of micani-te about the shouldered portion, as-

.sembling the capped portion in the socket,

heating the assembled stud, and then forcing socket having an internal shoulder interlockthe stud through a die so as to cause the ing with the shoulder on the other part and metal of the Wall of the socket member to produced by'causing the metal of the socket flow and form a rib interlocking with the member to flow inward.

5 shoulder on-the other part. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set 15 7. A two-part insulating stud consisting of my hand this 25th day of July, 1906. a part having a shouldered portion, and a EDGAR W. MIX. part having a socket containing said shoul- Witnesses: dered portion and-a cap of insulating mate- BENJAMIN B. HULL,

lo rial surrounding said latter portion, said GRACE M. HANIGAN. 

